gnu-social/plugins/OStatus/classes/FeedSub.php

<?php
/*
 * StatusNet - the distributed open-source microblogging tool
 * Copyright (C) 2009-2010, StatusNet, Inc.
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

if (!defined('GNUSOCIAL')) { exit(1); }

/**
 * @package OStatusPlugin
 * @maintainer Brion Vibber <brion@status.net>
 */

/*
PuSH subscription flow:

    $profile->subscribe()
        sends a sub request to the hub...

    main/push/callback
        hub sends confirmation back to us via GET
        We verify the request, then echo back the challenge.
        On our end, we save the time we subscribed and the lease expiration

    main/push/callback
        hub sends us updates via POST

*/

/**
 * FeedSub handles low-level PubHubSubbub (PuSH) subscriptions.
 * Higher-level behavior building OStatus stuff on top is handled
 * under Ostatus_profile.
 */
class FeedSub extends Managed_DataObject
{
    public $__table = 'feedsub';

    public $id;
    public $uri;    // varchar(191)   not 255 because utf8mb4 takes more space

    // PuSH subscription data
    public $huburi;
    public $secret;
    public $sub_state; // subscribe, active, unsubscribe, inactive, nohub
    public $sub_start;
    public $sub_end;
    public $last_update;

    public $created;
    public $modified;

    public static function schemaDef()
    {
        return array(
            'fields' => array(
                'id' => array('type' => 'serial', 'not null' => true, 'description' => 'FeedSub local unique id'),
                'uri' => array('type' => 'varchar', 'not null' => true, 'length' => 191, 'description' => 'FeedSub uri'),
                'huburi' => array('type' => 'text', 'description' => 'FeedSub hub-uri'),
                'secret' => array('type' => 'text', 'description' => 'FeedSub stored secret'),
                'sub_state' => array('type' => 'enum("subscribe","active","unsubscribe","inactive","nohub")', 'not null' => true, 'description' => 'subscription state'),
                'sub_start' => array('type' => 'datetime', 'description' => 'subscription start'),
                'sub_end' => array('type' => 'datetime', 'description' => 'subscription end'),
                'last_update' => array('type' => 'datetime', 'description' => 'when this record was last updated'),
                'created' => array('type' => 'datetime', 'not null' => true, 'description' => 'date this record was created'),
                'modified' => array('type' => 'timestamp', 'not null' => true, 'description' => 'date this record was modified'),
            ),
            'primary key' => array('id'),
            'unique keys' => array(
                'feedsub_uri_key' => array('uri'),
            ),
        );
    }

    /**
     * Get the feed uri (http/https)
     */
    public function getUri()
    {
        if (empty($this->uri)) {
            throw new NoUriException($this);
        }
        return $this->uri;
    }

    function getLeaseRemaining()
    {
        if (empty($this->sub_end)) {
            return null;
        }
        return strtotime($this->sub_end) - time();
    }

    /**
     * Do we have a hub? Then we are a PuSH feed.
     * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubSubHubbub
     *
     * If huburi is empty, then doublecheck that we are not using
     * a fallback hub. If there is a fallback hub, it is only if the
     * sub_state is "nohub" that we assume it's not a PuSH feed.
     */
    public function isPuSH()
    {
        if (empty($this->huburi)
                && (!common_config('feedsub', 'fallback_hub')
                    || $this->sub_state === 'nohub')) {
                // Here we have no huburi set. Also, either there is no 
                // fallback hub configured or sub_state is "nohub".
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Fetch the StatusNet-side profile for this feed
     * @return Profile
     */
    public function localProfile()
    {
        if ($this->profile_id) {
            return Profile::getKV('id', $this->profile_id);
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Fetch the StatusNet-side profile for this feed
     * @return Profile
     */
    public function localGroup()
    {
        if ($this->group_id) {
            return User_group::getKV('id', $this->group_id);
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $feeduri
     * @return FeedSub
     * @throws FeedSubException if feed is invalid or lacks PuSH setup
     */
    public static function ensureFeed($feeduri)
    {
        $feedsub = self::getKV('uri', $feeduri);
        if ($feedsub instanceof FeedSub) {
            if (!empty($feedsub->huburi)) {
                // If there is already a huburi we don't
                // rediscover it on ensureFeed, call
                // ensureHub to do that (compare ->modified
                // to see if it might be time to do it).
                return $feedsub;
            }
            if ($feedsub->sub_state !== 'inactive') {
                throw new ServerException('Can only ensure WebSub hub for inactive (unsubscribed) feeds.');
            }
            // If huburi is empty we continue with ensureHub
        } else {
            // If we don't have that local feed URI
            // stored then we create a new DB object.
            $feedsub = new FeedSub();
            $feedsub->uri = $feeduri;
            $feedsub->sub_state = 'inactive';
        }

        try {
            // discover the hub uri
            $feedsub->ensureHub();

        } catch (FeedSubNoHubException $e) {
            // Only throw this exception if we can't handle huburi-less feeds
            // (i.e. we have a fallback hub or we can do feed polling (nohub)
            if (!common_config('feedsub', 'fallback_hub') && !common_config('feedsub', 'nohub')) {
                throw $e;
            }
        }

        if (empty($feedsub->id)) {
            // if $feedsub doesn't have an id we'll insert it into the db here
            $feedsub->created = common_sql_now();
            $feedsub->modified = common_sql_now();
            $result = $feedsub->insert();
            if ($result === false) {
                throw new FeedDBException($feedsub);
            }
        }

        return $feedsub;
    }

    /**
     * ensureHub will only do $this->update if !empty($this->id)
     * because otherwise the object has not been created yet.
     *
     * @param   bool    $autorenew  Whether to autorenew the feed after ensuring the hub URL
     *
     * @return  null    if actively avoiding the database
     *          int     number of rows updated in the database (0 means untouched)
     *
     * @throws  ServerException if something went wrong when updating the database
     *          FeedSubNoHubException   if no hub URL was discovered
     */
    public function ensureHub($autorenew=false)
    {
        if ($this->sub_state !== 'inactive') {
            common_log(LOG_INFO, sprintf(__METHOD__ . ': Running hub discovery a possibly active feed in %s state for URI %s', _ve($this->sub_state), _ve($this->uri)));
        }

        $discover = new FeedDiscovery();
        $discover->discoverFromFeedURL($this->uri);

        $huburi = $discover->getHubLink();
        if (empty($huburi)) {
            // Will be caught and treated with if statements in regards to
            // fallback hub and feed polling (nohub) configuration.
            throw new FeedSubNoHubException();
        }

        // if we've already got a DB object stored, we want to UPDATE, not INSERT
        $orig = !empty($this->id) ? clone($this) : null;

        $old_huburi = $this->huburi;    // most likely null if we're INSERTing
        $this->huburi = $huburi;

        if (!empty($this->id)) {
            common_debug(sprintf(__METHOD__ . ': Feed uri==%s huburi before=%s after=%s (identical==%s)', _ve($this->uri), _ve($old_huburi), _ve($this->huburi), _ve($old_huburi===$this->huburi)));
            $result = $this->update($orig);
            if ($result === false) {
                // TODO: Get a DB exception class going...
                common_debug('Database update failed for FeedSub id=='._ve($this->id).' with new huburi: '._ve($this->huburi));
                throw new ServerException('Database update failed for FeedSub.');
            }
            if ($autorenew) {
                $this->renew();
            }
            return $result;
        }

        return null;    // we haven't done anything with the database
    }

    /**
     * Send a subscription request to the hub for this feed.
     * The hub will later send us a confirmation POST to /main/push/callback.
     *
     * @return void
     * @throws ServerException if feed state is not valid
     */
    public function subscribe()
    {
        if ($this->sub_state && $this->sub_state != 'inactive') {
            common_log(LOG_WARNING, sprintf('Attempting to (re)start PuSH subscription to %s in unexpected state %s', $this->getUri(), $this->sub_state));
        }

        if (!Event::handle('FeedSubscribe', array($this))) {
            // A plugin handled it
            return;
        }

        if (empty($this->huburi)) {
            if (common_config('feedsub', 'fallback_hub')) {
                // No native hub on this feed?
                // Use our fallback hub, which handles polling on our behalf.
            } else if (common_config('feedsub', 'nohub')) {
                // For this to actually work, we'll need some polling mechanism.
                // The FeedPoller plugin should take care of it.
                return;
            } else {
                // TRANS: Server exception.
                throw new ServerException(_m('Attempting to start PuSH subscription for feed with no hub.'));
            }
        }

        $this->doSubscribe('subscribe');
    }

    /**
     * Send a PuSH unsubscription request to the hub for this feed.
     * The hub will later send us a confirmation POST to /main/push/callback.
     * Warning: this will cancel the subscription even if someone else in
     * the system is using it. Most callers will want garbageCollect() instead,
     * which confirms there's no uses left.
     *
     * @throws ServerException if feed state is not valid
     */
    public function unsubscribe() {
        if ($this->sub_state != 'active') {
            common_log(LOG_WARNING, sprintf('Attempting to (re)end PuSH subscription to %s in unexpected state %s', $this->getUri(), $this->sub_state));
        }

        if (!Event::handle('FeedUnsubscribe', array($this))) {
            // A plugin handled it
            return;
        }

        if (empty($this->huburi) && !common_config('feedsub', 'fallback_hub')) {
            /**
             * If the huburi is empty and we don't have a fallback hub,
             * there is nowhere we can send an unsubscribe to.
             *
             * A plugin should handle the FeedSub above and set the proper state
             * if there is no hub. (instead of 'nohub' it should be 'inactive' if
             * the instance has enabled feed polling for feeds that don't publish
             * PuSH/WebSub hubs. FeedPoller is a plugin which enables polling.
             *
             * Secondly, if we don't have the setting "nohub" enabled (i.e.)
             * we're ready to poll ourselves, there is something odd with the
             * database, such as a polling plugin that has been disabled.
             */

            if (!common_config('feedsub', 'nohub')) {
                // TRANS: Server exception.
                throw new ServerException(_m('Attempting to end PuSH subscription for feed with no hub.'));
            }

            return;
        }

        $this->doSubscribe('unsubscribe');
    }

    /**
     * Check if there are any active local uses of this feed, and if not then
     * make sure it's inactive, unsubscribing if necessary.
     *
     * @return boolean true if the subscription is now inactive, false if still active.
     * @throws NoProfileException in FeedSubSubscriberCount for missing Profile entries
     * @throws Exception if something goes wrong in unsubscribe() method
     */
    public function garbageCollect()
    {
        if ($this->sub_state == '' || $this->sub_state == 'inactive') {
            // No active PuSH subscription, we can just leave it be.
            return true;
        }

        // PuSH subscription is either active or in an indeterminate state.
        // Check if we're out of subscribers, and if so send an unsubscribe.
        $count = 0;
        Event::handle('FeedSubSubscriberCount', array($this, &$count));

        if ($count > 0) {
            common_log(LOG_INFO, __METHOD__ . ': ok, ' . $count . ' user(s) left for ' . $this->getUri());
            return false;
        }

        common_log(LOG_INFO, __METHOD__ . ': unsubscribing, no users left for ' . $this->getUri());
        // Unsubscribe throws various Exceptions on failure
        $this->unsubscribe();

        return true;
    }

    static public function renewalCheck()
    {
        $fs = new FeedSub();
        // the "" empty string check is because we historically haven't saved unsubscribed feeds as NULL
        $fs->whereAdd('sub_end IS NOT NULL AND sub_end!="" AND sub_end < NOW() + INTERVAL 1 day');
        if (!$fs->find()) { // find can be both false and 0, depending on why nothing was found
            throw new NoResultException($fs);
        }
        return $fs;
    }

    public function renew()
    {
        common_debug('FeedSub is being renewed for uri=='._ve($this->uri).' on huburi=='._ve($this->huburi));
        $this->subscribe();
    }

    /**
     * Setting to subscribe means it is _waiting_ to become active. This
     * cannot be done in a transaction because there is a chance that the
     * remote script we're calling (as in the case of PuSHpress) performs
     * the lookup _while_ we're POSTing data, which means the transaction
     * never completes (PushcallbackAction gets an 'inactive' state).
     *
     * @return boolean true when everything is ok (throws Exception on fail)
     * @throws Exception on failure, can be HTTPClient's or our own.
     */
    protected function doSubscribe($mode)
    {
        $msg = null;    // carries descriptive error message to enduser (no remote data strings!)

        $orig = clone($this);
        if ($mode == 'subscribe') {
            $this->secret = common_random_hexstr(32);
        }
        $this->sub_state = $mode;
        $this->update($orig);
        unset($orig);

        try {
            $callback = common_local_url('pushcallback', array('feed' => $this->id));
            $headers = array('Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
            $post = array('hub.mode' => $mode,
                          'hub.callback' => $callback,
                          'hub.verify' => 'async',  // TODO: deprecated, remove when noone uses PuSH <0.4 (only 'async' method used there)
                          'hub.verify_token' => 'Deprecated-since-PuSH-0.4', // TODO: rm!

                          'hub.lease_seconds' => 2592000,   // 3600*24*30, request approximately month long lease (may be changed by hub)
                          'hub.secret' => $this->secret,
                          'hub.topic' => $this->getUri());
            $client = new HTTPClient();
            if ($this->huburi) {
                $hub = $this->huburi;
            } else {
                if (common_config('feedsub', 'fallback_hub')) {
                    $hub = common_config('feedsub', 'fallback_hub');
                    if (common_config('feedsub', 'hub_user')) {
                        $u = common_config('feedsub', 'hub_user');
                        $p = common_config('feedsub', 'hub_pass');
                        $client->setAuth($u, $p);
                    }
                } else {
                    throw new FeedSubException('Server could not find a usable PuSH hub.');
                }
            }
            $response = $client->post($hub, $headers, $post);
            $status = $response->getStatus();
            // PuSH specificed response status code
            if ($status == 202  || $status == 204) {
                common_log(LOG_INFO, __METHOD__ . ': sub req ok, awaiting verification callback');
                return;
            } else if ($status >= 200 && $status < 300) {
                common_log(LOG_ERR, __METHOD__ . ": sub req returned unexpected HTTP $status: " . $response->getBody());
                $msg = sprintf(_m("Unexpected HTTP status: %d"), $status);
            } else if ($status == 422) {
                // Error code regarding something wrong in the data (it seems
                // that we're talking to a PuSH hub at least, so let's check
                // our own data to be sure we're not mistaken somehow.

                $this->ensureHub(true);
            } else {
                common_log(LOG_ERR, __METHOD__ . ": sub req failed with HTTP $status: " . $response->getBody());
            }
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            common_log(LOG_ERR, __METHOD__ . ": error \"{$e->getMessage()}\" hitting hub {$this->huburi} subscribing to {$this->getUri()}");

            // Reset the subscription state.
            $orig = clone($this);
            $this->sub_state = 'inactive';
            $this->update($orig);

            // Throw the Exception again.
            throw $e;
        }
        throw new ServerException("{$mode} request failed" . (!is_null($msg) ? " ($msg)" : '.'));
    }

    /**
     * Save PuSH subscription confirmation.
     * Sets approximate lease start and end times and finalizes state.
     *
     * @param int $lease_seconds provided hub.lease_seconds parameter, if given
     */
    public function confirmSubscribe($lease_seconds)
    {
        $original = clone($this);

        $this->sub_state = 'active';
        $this->sub_start = common_sql_date(time());
        if ($lease_seconds > 0) {
            $this->sub_end = common_sql_date(time() + $lease_seconds);
        } else {
            $this->sub_end = null;  // Backwards compatibility to StatusNet (PuSH <0.4 supported permanent subs)
        }
        $this->modified = common_sql_now();

        common_debug(__METHOD__ . ': Updating sub state and metadata for '.$this->getUri());
        return $this->update($original);
    }

    /**
     * Save PuSH unsubscription confirmation.
     * Wipes active PuSH sub info and resets state.
     */
    public function confirmUnsubscribe()
    {
        $original = clone($this);

        // @fixme these should all be null, but DB_DataObject doesn't save null values...?????
        $this->secret = '';
        $this->sub_state = '';
        $this->sub_start = '';
        $this->sub_end = '';
        $this->modified = common_sql_now();

        return $this->update($original);
    }

    /**
     * Accept updates from a PuSH feed. If validated, this object and the
     * feed (as a DOMDocument) will be passed to the StartFeedSubHandleFeed
     * and EndFeedSubHandleFeed events for processing.
     *
     * Not guaranteed to be running in an immediate POST context; may be run
     * from a queue handler.
     *
     * Side effects: the feedsub record's lastupdate field will be updated
     * to the current time (not published time) if we got a legit update.
     *
     * @param string $post source of Atom or RSS feed
     * @param string $hmac X-Hub-Signature header, if present
     */
    public function receive($post, $hmac)
    {
        common_log(LOG_INFO, sprintf(__METHOD__.': packet for %s with HMAC %s', _ve($this->getUri()), _ve($hmac)));

        if (!in_array($this->sub_state, array('active', 'nohub'))) {
            common_log(LOG_ERR, sprintf(__METHOD__.': ignoring PuSH for inactive feed %s (in state %s)', _ve($this->getUri()), _ve($this->sub_state)));
            return;
        }

        if ($post === '') {
            common_log(LOG_ERR, __METHOD__ . ": ignoring empty post");
            return;
        }

        try {
            if (!$this->validatePushSig($post, $hmac)) {
                // Per spec we silently drop input with a bad sig,
                // while reporting receipt to the server.
                return;
            }

            $this->receiveFeed($post);

        } catch (FeedSubBadPushSignatureException $e) {
            // We got a signature, so something could be wrong. Let's check to see if
            // maybe upstream has switched to another hub. Let's fetch feed and then
            // compare rel="hub" with $this->huburi, which is done in $this->ensureHub()

            $this->ensureHub(true);
        }
    }

    /**
     * All our feed URIs should be URLs.
     */
    public function importFeed()
    {
        $feed_url = $this->getUri();

        // Fetch the URL
        try {
            common_log(LOG_INFO, sprintf('Importing feed backlog from %s', $feed_url));
            $feed_xml = HTTPClient::quickGet($feed_url, 'application/atom+xml');
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            throw new FeedSubException("Could not fetch feed from URL '%s': %s (%d).\n", $feed_url, $e->getMessage(), $e->getCode());
        }

        return $this->receiveFeed($feed_xml);
    }

    protected function receiveFeed($feed_xml)
    {
        // We're passed the XML for the Atom feed as $feed_xml,
        // so read it into a DOMDocument and process.
        $feed = new DOMDocument();
        if (!$feed->loadXML($feed_xml)) {
            // @fixme might help to include the err message
            common_log(LOG_ERR, __METHOD__ . ": ignoring invalid XML");
            return;
        }

        $orig = clone($this);
        $this->last_update = common_sql_now();
        $this->update($orig);

        Event::handle('StartFeedSubReceive', array($this, $feed));
        Event::handle('EndFeedSubReceive', array($this, $feed));
    }

    /**
     * Validate the given Atom chunk and HMAC signature against our
     * shared secret that was set up at subscription time.
     *
     * If we don't have a shared secret, there should be no signature.
     * If we do, our calculated HMAC should match theirs.
     *
     * @param string $post raw XML source as POSTed to us
     * @param string $hmac X-Hub-Signature HTTP header value, or empty
     * @return boolean true for a match
     */
    protected function validatePushSig($post, $hmac)
    {
        if ($this->secret) {
            // {3,16} because shortest hash algorithm name is 3 characters (md2,md4,md5) and longest
            // is currently 11 characters, but we'll leave some margin in the end...
            if (preg_match('/^([0-9a-zA-Z\-\,]{3,16})=([0-9a-fA-F]+)$/', $hmac, $matches)) {
                $hash_algo  = strtolower($matches[1]);
                $their_hmac = strtolower($matches[2]);
                common_debug(sprintf(__METHOD__ . ': PuSH from feed %s uses HMAC algorithm %s with value: %s', _ve($this->getUri()), _ve($hash_algo), _ve($their_hmac)));

                if (!in_array($hash_algo, hash_algos())) {
                    // We can't handle this at all, PHP doesn't recognize the algorithm name ('md5', 'sha1', 'sha256' etc: https://secure.php.net/manual/en/function.hash-algos.php)
                    common_log(LOG_ERR, sprintf(__METHOD__.': HMAC algorithm %s unsupported, not found in PHP hash_algos()', _ve($hash_algo)));
                    return false;
                } elseif (!is_null(common_config('security', 'hash_algos')) && !in_array($hash_algo, common_config('security', 'hash_algos'))) {
                    // We _won't_ handle this because there is a list of accepted hash algorithms and this one is not in it.
                    common_log(LOG_ERR, sprintf(__METHOD__.': Whitelist for HMAC algorithms exist, but %s is not included.', _ve($hash_algo)));
                    return false;
                }

                $our_hmac = hash_hmac($hash_algo, $post, $this->secret);
                if ($their_hmac !== $our_hmac) {
                    common_log(LOG_ERR, sprintf(__METHOD__.': ignoring PuSH with bad HMAC hash: got %s, expected %s for feed %s from hub %s', _ve($their_hmac), _ve($our_hmac), _ve($this->getUri()), _ve($this->huburi)));
                    throw new FeedSubBadPushSignatureException('Incoming PuSH signature did not match expected HMAC hash.');
                }
                return true;

            } else {
                common_log(LOG_ERR, sprintf(__METHOD__.': ignoring PuSH with bogus HMAC==', _ve($hmac)));
            }
        } else {
            if (empty($hmac)) {
                return true;
            } else {
                common_log(LOG_ERR, sprintf(__METHOD__.': ignoring PuSH with unexpected HMAC==%s', _ve($hmac)));
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    public function delete($useWhere=false)
    {
        try {
            $oprofile = Ostatus_profile::getKV('feeduri', $this->getUri());
            if ($oprofile instanceof Ostatus_profile) {
                // Check if there's a profile. If not, handle the NoProfileException below
                $profile = $oprofile->localProfile();
            }
        } catch (NoProfileException $e) {
            // If the Ostatus_profile has no local Profile bound to it, let's clean it out at the same time
            $oprofile->delete();
        } catch (NoUriException $e) {
            // FeedSub->getUri() can throw a NoUriException, let's just go ahead and delete it
        }
        return parent::delete($useWhere);
    }
}