Include Paulo Moura's Logtalk OO LP system
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26
Logtalk/examples/bricks/NOTES
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26
Logtalk/examples/bricks/NOTES
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=================================================================
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Logtalk - Object oriented extension to Prolog
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Release 2.8.4
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Copyright (c) 1998-2001 Paulo Moura. All Rights Reserved.
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=================================================================
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To load all objects in this example consult the bricks.loader utility
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file (note that the *.loader files are Prolog files).
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You will need to load the objects in the roots and relations
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examples (consulting the corresponding roots.loader and relations.loader
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files).
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You will also need to consult the following files in the library directory:
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events.loader, types.loader, metapredicates.loader, and hierarchies.loader.
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This folder contains an example of representation and handling of
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relations using events. We have instances of class brick and a binary
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brick_stack relation between the bricks. Every time we move a brick, we
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want the bricks on top of it to move along. If we break the stack by
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moving a middle brick, we want to automatically destroy the
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corresponding relation tuple.
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It's instructive to use the debugger to better understand this example.
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Set spy points in all brick instances and then activate the debugger.
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225
Logtalk/examples/bricks/SCRIPT
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225
Logtalk/examples/bricks/SCRIPT
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=================================================================
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Logtalk - Object oriented extension to Prolog
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Release 2.8.4
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Copyright (c) 1998-2001 Paulo Moura. All Rights Reserved.
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=================================================================
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% create four bricks, all standing on the "ground" (use your imagination... ;-)
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| ?- brick::new(a, [position-(8, 1)]).
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yes
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| ?- brick::new(b, [position-(6, 1)]).
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yes
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| ?- brick::new(c, [position-(4, 1)]).
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yes
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| ?- brick::new(d, [position-(2, 1)]).
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yes
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% set up ascii stack monitor so we can watch the bricks moving
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| ?- after_event_registry::set_monitor(_, move(_,_), _, stack_monitor).
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yes
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% make the stack
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| ?- brick_stack::add_tuple([c,d]).
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|.c......
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|.d...b.a
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---------
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yes
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| ?- brick_stack::add_tuple([b,c]).
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|.b......
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|.c......
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|.d.....a
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---------
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yes
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| ?- brick_stack::add_tuple([a,b]).
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|.a
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|.b
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|.c
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|.d
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---
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yes
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% check results
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| ?- brick_stack::tuple(Tuple), write(Tuple), nl, fail.
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[c,d]
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[b,c]
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[a,b]
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no
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| ?- before_event_registry::monitors(Mb), after_event_registry::monitors(Ma).
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Ma = [brick_stack, stack_monitor]
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Mb = [brick_stack]
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yes
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% move all stack to new position by moving bottom brick; check results
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| ?- d::move(9, 1).
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|.a.......
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|.b.......
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|.c.......
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|........d
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----------
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|.a.......
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|.b.......
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|........c
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|........d
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----------
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|.a.......
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|........b
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|........c
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|........d
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----------
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|........a
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|........b
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|........c
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|........d
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----------
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yes
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| ?- a::position(Xa, Ya), b::position(Xb, Yb), c::position(Xc, Yc), d::position(Xd, Yd).
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Xa = 9,
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Xb = 9,
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Xc = 9,
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Xd = 9,
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Ya = 4,
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Yb = 3,
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Yc = 2,
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Yd = 1
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yes
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| ?- brick_stack::tuple(Tuple), write(Tuple), nl, fail.
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[c,d]
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[b,c]
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[a,b]
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no
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% break stack in half by moving b to the "ground"; check results
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| ?- b::move(3, 1).
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|........a
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|.........
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|........c
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|..b.....d
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----------
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|..a.....c
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|..b.....d
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----------
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yes
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| ?- a::position(Xa, Ya), b::position(Xb, Yb), c::position(Xc, Yc), d::position(Xd, Yd).
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Xa = 3,
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Xb = 3,
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Xc = 9,
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Xd = 9,
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Ya = 2,
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Yb = 1,
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Yc = 2,
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Yd = 1
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yes
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| ?- brick_stack::tuple(Tuple), write(Tuple), nl, fail.
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[c,d]
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[a,b]
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no
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% create new brick_stack tuple ; check results
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| ?- brick_stack::add_tuple([d, a]).
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|..d......
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|..a.....c
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|..b......
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----------
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|..c
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|..d
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|..a
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|..b
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----
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yes
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| ?- a::position(Xa, Ya), b::position(Xb, Yb), c::position(Xc, Yc), d::position(Xd, Yd).
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Xa = 3,
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Xb = 3,
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Xc = 3,
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Xd = 3,
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Ya = 2,
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Yb = 1,
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Yc = 4,
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Yd = 3
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yes
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| ?- brick_stack::tuple(Tuple), write(Tuple), nl, fail.
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[c,d]
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[a,b]
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[d,a]
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no
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% move all stack to new position by moving bottom brick; check results
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| ?- b::move(5, 1).
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|..c..
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|..d..
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|..a..
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|....b
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------
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|..c..
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|..d..
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|....a
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|....b
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------
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|..c..
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|....d
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|....a
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|....b
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------
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|....c
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|....d
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|....a
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|....b
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------
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yes
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| ?- a::position(Xa, Ya), b::position(Xb, Yb), c::position(Xc, Yc), d::position(Xd, Yd).
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Xa = 5,
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Xb = 5,
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Xc = 5,
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Xd = 5,
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Ya = 2,
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Yb = 1,
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Yc = 4,
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Yd = 3
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yes
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| ?- brick_stack::tuple(Tuple), write(Tuple), nl, fail.
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[c,d]
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[a,b]
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[d,a]
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no
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% clean up instances, tuples and monitors
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| ?- brick_stack::remove_all_tuples.
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yes
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| ?- after_event_registry::del_monitors(_, _, _, stack_monitor).
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yes
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| ?- brick::delete_all.
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yes
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76
Logtalk/examples/bricks/brick.lgt
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76
Logtalk/examples/bricks/brick.lgt
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:- object(brick,
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instantiates(class),
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specializes(object)).
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:- info([
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version is 1.1,
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date is 2000/10/31,
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authors is 'Paulo Moura',
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comment is 'Two-dimensional brick (or should I say square?) class.']).
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:- public(position/2).
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:- mode(position(?integer, ?integer), zero_or_one).
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:- info(position/2, [
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comment is 'Brick current position.',
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argnames is ['X', 'Y']]).
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:- private(position_/2).
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:- dynamic(position_/2).
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:- mode(position_(?integer, ?integer), zero_or_one).
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:- info(position_/2, [
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comment is 'Stores brick current position.',
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argnames is ['X', 'Y']]).
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:- public(move/2).
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:- mode(move(+integer, +integer), one).
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:- info(move/2, [
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comment is 'Moves a brick to a new position.',
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argnames is ['X', 'Y']]).
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position(X, Y) :-
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::position_(X, Y).
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move(X, Y) :-
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::retractall(position_(_, _)),
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::assertz(position_(X, Y)).
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default_init_option(position-(0, 0)).
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default_init_option(Default) :-
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^^default_init_option(Default).
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process_init_option(position-(X, Y)) :-
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::assertz(position_(X, Y)).
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process_init_option(Option) :-
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^^process_init_option(Option).
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valid_init_option(position-(X, Y)) :-
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!,
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integer(X),
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integer(Y).
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valid_init_option(Option) :-
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^^valid_init_option(Option).
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instance_base_name(b).
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:- end_object.
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59
Logtalk/examples/bricks/brick_stack.lgt
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59
Logtalk/examples/bricks/brick_stack.lgt
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:- object(brick_stack,
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instantiates(constrained_relation)).
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:- info([
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version is 1.0,
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date is 1998/3/23,
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authors is 'Paulo Moura',
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comment is 'Stack of bricks as a constrained binary relation.']).
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descriptor_([top, bottom]).
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domain_(top, brick).
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domain_(bottom, brick).
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key_([top, bottom]).
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cardinality_(top, 0, 1).
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cardinality_(bottom, 0, 1).
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delete_option_(top, cascade).
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delete_option_(bottom, restrict).
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add_tuple([A, B]) :-
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B::position(Xb, Yb),
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Ya2 is Yb + 1,
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{A::move(Xb, Ya2)},
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^^add_tuple([A, B]).
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activ_points_(top, before, []).
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activ_points_(top, after, [move(_, _)]).
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activ_points_(bottom, before, []).
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activ_points_(bottom, after, [move(_, _)]).
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propagate(after, move(X, Y), Top, top, [Top, Bottom]) :-
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!,
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Y2 is Y - 1,
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(Bottom::position(X, Y2) ->
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true
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;
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::remove_tuple([Top, Bottom])).
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propagate(after, move(X, Y), Bottom, bottom, [Top, Bottom]) :-
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!,
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Y2 is Y + 1,
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{Top::move(X, Y2)}.
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:- end_object.
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6
Logtalk/examples/bricks/bricks.loader
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6
Logtalk/examples/bricks/bricks.loader
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:- initialization(
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logtalk_load([
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brick,
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brick_stack,
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stack_monitor])).
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38
Logtalk/examples/bricks/stack_monitor.lgt
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38
Logtalk/examples/bricks/stack_monitor.lgt
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:- object(stack_monitor,
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implements(event_handlersp)).
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:- info([
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version is 1.0,
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date is 1998/3/23,
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authors is 'Paulo Moura',
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comment is 'Monitor for brick movements printing an ascii representation of each brick position.']).
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:- uses(loop).
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:- uses(list).
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after(_, move(_, _), _) :-
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findall(
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(Brick, X, Y),
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(instantiates_class(Brick, brick), Brick::position(X, Y)),
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Bricks),
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setof(X, Brick^Y^ (list::member((Brick,X,Y), Bricks)), Xs),
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list::last(Xs, Xmax),
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setof(Y, Brick^X^ (list::member((Brick,X,Y), Bricks)), Ys),
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list::last(Ys, Ymax),
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loop::fordownto(Y, Ymax, 1,
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(write('|'),
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loop::forto(X, 1, Xmax,
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(list::member((Brick, X, Y), Bricks) ->
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write(Brick)
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;
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write('.'))),
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nl)),
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write('-'),
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loop::forto(X, 1, Xmax, write('-')), nl.
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:- end_object.
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