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yap-6.3/pl/control.yap
Vítor Santos Costa 53877ad426 docs
2014-12-24 15:32:29 +00:00

758 lines
18 KiB
Prolog

/*************************************************************************
* *
* YAP Prolog *
* *
* Yap Prolog was developed at NCCUP - Universidade do Porto *
* *
* Copyright L.Damas, V.S.Costa and Universidade do Porto 1985-1997 *
* *
**************************************************************************
* *
* File: control.yap *
* Last rev: 20/08/09 *
* mods: *
* comments: control predicates available in yap *
* *
*************************************************************************/
:- system_module( '$_control', [at_halt/1,
b_getval/2,
break/0,
call/2,
call/3,
call/4,
call/5,
call/6,
call/7,
call/8,
call/9,
call/10,
call/11,
call/12,
call_cleanup/2,
call_cleanup/3,
forall/2,
garbage_collect/0,
garbage_collect_atoms/0,
gc/0,
grow_heap/1,
grow_stack/1,
halt/0,
halt/1,
if/3,
ignore/1,
nb_getval/2,
nogc/0,
notrace/1,
once/1,
prolog_current_frame/1,
prolog_initialization/1,
setup_call_catcher_cleanup/4,
setup_call_cleanup/3,
version/0,
version/1], ['$run_atom_goal'/1,
'$set_toplevel_hook'/1]).
:- use_system_module( '$_boot', ['$call'/4,
'$disable_debugging'/0,
'$do_live'/0,
'$enable_debugging'/0,
'$system_catch'/4,
'$version'/0]).
:- use_system_module( '$_debug', ['$init_debugger'/0]).
:- use_system_module( '$_errors', ['$do_error'/2]).
:- use_system_module( '$_utils', ['$getval_exception'/3]).
:- use_system_module( '$coroutining', [freeze_goal/2]).
/**
@addtogroup YAPControl
@{
*/
/** @pred once(: _G_) is iso
Execute the goal _G_ only once. The predicate is defined by:
~~~~~{.prolog}
once(G) :- call(G), !.
~~~~~
Note that cuts inside once/1 can only cut the other goals inside
once/1.
*/
once(G) :- '$execute'(G), !.
/** @pred forall(: _Cond_,: _Action_)
For all alternative bindings of _Cond_ _Action_ can be
proven. The example verifies that all arithmetic statements in the list
_L_ are correct. It does not say which is wrong if one proves wrong.
~~~~~{.prolog}
?- forall(member(Result = Formula, [2 = 1 + 1, 4 = 2 * 2]),
Result =:= Formula).
~~~~~
*/
/** @pred forall(+ _Cond_,+ _Action_)
For all alternative bindings of _Cond_ _Action_ can be proven.
The next example verifies that all arithmetic statements in the list
_L_ are correct. It does not say which is wrong if one proves wrong.
~~~~~
?- forall(member(Result = Formula, [2 = 1 + 1, 4 = 2 * 2]),
Result =:= Formula).
~~~~~
*/
forall(Cond, Action) :- \+((Cond, \+(Action))).
/** @pred ignore(: _Goal_)
Calls _Goal_ as once/1, but succeeds, regardless of whether
`Goal` succeeded or not. Defined as:
~~~~~{.prolog}
ignore(Goal) :-
Goal, !.
ignore(_).
~~~~~
*/
ignore(Goal) :- (Goal->true;true).
notrace(G) :-
strip_module(G, M, G1),
( '$$save_by'(CP),
'$debug_stop'( State ),
'$call'(G1, CP, G, M),
'$$save_by'(CP2),
(CP == CP2 -> ! ; '$debug_state'( NState ), ( true ; '$debug_restart'(NState), fail ) ),
'$debug_restart'( State )
;
'$debug_restart'( State ),
fail
).
/** @pred if(? _G_,? _H_,? _I_)
Call goal _H_ once per each solution of goal _H_. If goal
_H_ has no solutions, call goal _I_.
The built-in `if/3` is similar to `->/3`, with the difference
that it will backtrack over the test goal. Consider the following
small data-base:
~~~~~{.prolog}
a(1). b(a). c(x).
a(2). b(b). c(y).
~~~~~
Execution of an `if/3` query will proceed as follows:
~~~~~{.prolog}
?- if(a(X),b(Y),c(Z)).
X = 1,
Y = a ? ;
X = 1,
Y = b ? ;
X = 2,
Y = a ? ;
X = 2,
Y = b ? ;
no
~~~~~
The system will backtrack over the two solutions for `a/1` and the
two solutions for `b/1`, generating four solutions.
Cuts are allowed inside the first goal _G_, but they will only prune
over _G_.
If you want _G_ to be deterministic you should use if-then-else, as
it is both more efficient and more portable.
*/
if(X,Y,Z) :-
(
CP is '$last_choice_pt',
'$call'(X,CP,if(X,Y,Z),M),
'$execute'(X),
'$clean_ifcp'(CP),
'$call'(Y,CP,if(X,Y,Z),M)
;
'$call'(Z,CP,if(X,Y,Z),M)
).
call(X,A) :- '$execute'(X,A).
call(X,A1,A2) :- '$execute'(X,A1,A2).
/** @pred call(+ _Closure_,...,? _Ai_,...) is iso
Meta-call where _Closure_ is a closure that is converted into a goal by
appending the _Ai_ additional arguments. The number of arguments varies
between 0 and 10.
*/
call(X,A1,A2,A3) :- '$execute'(X,A1,A2,A3).
call(X,A1,A2,A3,A4) :- '$execute'(X,A1,A2,A3,A4).
call(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5) :- '$execute'(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5).
call(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6) :- '$execute'(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6).
call(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7) :- '$execute'(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7).
call(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8) :- '$execute'(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8).
call(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9) :- '$execute'(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9).
call(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,A10) :- '$execute'(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,A10).
call(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,A10,A11) :- '$execute'(X,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,A10,A11).
/** @pred call_cleanup(: _Goal_, : _CleanUpGoal_)
This is similar to <tt>call_cleanup/1</tt> with an additional
_CleanUpGoal_ which gets called after _Goal_ is finished.
*/
call_cleanup(Goal, Cleanup) :-
setup_call_catcher_cleanup(true, Goal, _Catcher, Cleanup).
call_cleanup(Goal, Catcher, Cleanup) :-
setup_call_catcher_cleanup(true, Goal, Catcher, Cleanup).
/** @pred setup_call_cleanup(: _Setup_,: _Goal_, : _CleanUpGoal_)
Calls `(Setup, Goal)`. For each sucessful execution of _Setup_, calling _Goal_, the
cleanup handler _Cleanup_ is guaranteed to be called exactly once.
This will happen after _Goal_ completes, either through failure,
deterministic success, commit, or an exception. _Setup_ will
contain the goals that need to be protected from asynchronous interrupts
such as the ones received from `call_with_time_limit/2` or thread_signal/2. In
most uses, _Setup_ will perform temporary side-effects required by
_Goal_ that are finally undone by _Cleanup_.
Success or failure of _Cleanup_ is ignored and choice-points it
created are destroyed (as once/1). If _Cleanup_ throws an exception,
this is executed as normal.
Typically, this predicate is used to cleanup permanent data storage
required to execute _Goal_, close file-descriptors, etc. The example
below provides a non-deterministic search for a term in a file, closing
the stream as needed.
~~~~~{.prolog}
term_in_file(Term, File) :-
setup_call_cleanup(open(File, read, In),
term_in_stream(Term, In),
close(In) ).
term_in_stream(Term, In) :-
repeat,
read(In, T),
( T == end_of_file
-> !, fail
; T = Term
).
~~~~~
Note that it is impossible to implement this predicate in Prolog other than
by reading all terms into a list, close the file and call member/2.
Without setup_call_cleanup/3 there is no way to gain control if the
choice-point left by `repeat` is removed by a cut or an exception.
`setup_call_cleanup/2` can also be used to test determinism of a goal:
~~~~~
?- setup_call_cleanup(true,(X=1;X=2), Det=yes).
X = 1 ;
X = 2,
Det = yes ;
~~~~~
This predicate is under consideration for inclusion into the ISO standard.
For compatibility with other Prolog implementations see `call_cleanup/2`.
*/
setup_call_cleanup(Setup, Goal, Cleanup) :-
setup_call_catcher_cleanup(Setup, Goal, _Catcher, Cleanup).
/** @pred setup_call_catcher_cleanup(: _Setup_,: _Goal_, + _Catcher_,: _CleanUpGoal_)
Similar to `setup_call_cleanup( _Setup_, _Goal_, _Cleanup_)` with
additional information on the reason of calling _Cleanup_. Prior
to calling _Cleanup_, _Catcher_ unifies with the termination
code. If this unification fails, _Cleanup_ is
*not* called.
*/
setup_call_catcher_cleanup(Setup, Goal, Catcher, Cleanup) :-
yap_hacks:disable_interrupts,
'$check_goal_for_setup_call_cleanup'(Setup, setup_call_cleanup(Setup, Goal, Cleanup)),
catch('$do_setup'(Setup),Exception,'$handle_broken_setup'(Exception)),
'$check_goal_for_setup_call_cleanup'(Cleanup, setup_call_cleanup(Setup, Goal, Cleanup)),
'$safe_call_cleanup'(Goal,Cleanup,Catcher,Exception).
% make sure we don't lose interrupts if we get exceptions
% with setup.
'$handle_broken_setup'(Exception) :-
yap_hacks:enable_interrupts,
throw(Exception).
'$check_goal_for_setup_call_cleanup'(Goal, G) :-
strip_module(Goal, _, MG),
(
var(MG)
->
yap_hacks:enable_interrupts,
'$do_error'(instantiation_error,G)
;
true
).
% this is simple, do nothing
'$do_setup'(A:true) :- atom(A), !.
% this is tricky: please don't forget that interrupts are disabled at this point
% and that they will only be enabled after setting up Cleanup
'$do_setup'(Setup) :-
(
'$execute'(Setup),
% we don't need to care about enabling interrupts
!
;
% reenable interrupts if Setup failed
yap_hacks:enable_interrupts,
fail
).
'$cleanup_exception'(Exception, exception(Exception), Cleanup) :- !,
% whatever happens, let exception go through
catch('$clean_call'(_,Cleanup),_,true),
throw(Exception).
'$cleanup_exception'(Exception, _, _) :-
throw(Exception).
'$safe_call_cleanup'(Goal, Cleanup, Catcher, _Exception) :-
'$coroutining':freeze_goal(Catcher, '$clean_call'(_Active, Cleanup)),
(
yap_hacks:trail_suspension_marker(Catcher),
yap_hacks:enable_interrupts,
'$current_choice_point'(CP0),
'$execute'(Goal),
'$current_choice_point'(CPF),
(
CP0 =:= CPF
->
Catcher = exit,
!
;
true
)
;
Catcher = fail,
fail
).
'$holds_true'.
% The first argument is used by JumpEnv to verify if a throw
% is going to be handled by the cleanup catcher. If it is so,
% clean_call will not be called from JumpToEnv.
'$clean_call'(_, Cleanup) :-
'$execute'(Cleanup), !.
'$clean_call'(_, _).
'$cc_check_throw' :-
'$nb_getval'('$catch', Ball, fail),
throw(Ball).
/** @pred call_with_args(+ _Name_,...,? _Ai_,...)
Meta-call where _Name_ is the name of the procedure to be called and
the _Ai_ are the arguments. The number of arguments varies between 0
and 10. New code should use `call/N` for better portability.
If _Name_ is a complex term, then call_with_args/n behaves as
call/n:
~~~~~{.prolog}
call(p(X1,...,Xm), Y1,...,Yn) :- p(X1,...,Xm,Y1,...,Yn).
~~~~~
*/
%%% Some "dirty" predicates
% Only efective if yap compiled with -DDEBUG
% this predicate shows the code produced by the compiler
'$show_code' :- '$debug'(0'f). %' just make emacs happy
/** @pred grow_heap(+ _Size_)
Increase heap size _Size_ kilobytes.
*/
grow_heap(X) :- '$grow_heap'(X).
/** @pred grow_stack(+ _Size_)
Increase stack size _Size_ kilobytes
*/
grow_stack(X) :- '$grow_stack'(X).
%
% gc() expects to be called from "call". Make sure it has an
% environment to return to.
%
%garbage_collect :- save(dump), '$gc', save(dump2).
/** @pred garbage_collect
The goal `garbage_collect` forces a garbage collection.
*/
garbage_collect :-
'$gc'.
/** @pred gc
The goal `gc` enables garbage collection. The same as
`yap_flag(gc,on)`.
*/
gc :-
yap_flag(gc,on).
/** @pred nogc
The goal `nogc` disables garbage collection. The same as
`yap_flag(gc,off)`.
*/
nogc :-
yap_flag(gc,off).
/** @pred garbage_collect_atoms
The goal `garbage_collect` forces a garbage collection of the atoms
in the data-base. Currently, only atoms are recovered.
*/
garbage_collect_atoms :-
'$atom_gc'.
'$force_environment_for_gc'.
'$good_list_of_character_codes'(V) :- var(V), !.
'$good_list_of_character_codes'([]).
'$good_list_of_character_codes'([X|L]) :-
'$good_character_code'(X),
'$good_list_of_character_codes'(L).
'$good_character_code'(X) :- var(X), !.
'$good_character_code'(X) :- integer(X), X > -2, X < 256.
/** @pred prolog_initialization( _G_)
Add a goal to be executed on system initialization. This is compatible
with SICStus Prolog's initialization/1.
*/
prolog_initialization(G) :- var(G), !,
'$do_error'(instantiation_error,initialization(G)).
prolog_initialization(T) :- callable(T), !,
'$assert_init'(T).
prolog_initialization(T) :-
'$do_error'(type_error(callable,T),initialization(T)).
'$assert_init'(T) :- recordz('$startup_goal',T,_), fail.
'$assert_init'(_).
/** @pred version
Write YAP's boot message.
*/
version :- '$version'.
/** @pred version(- _Message_)
Add a message to be written when yap boots or after aborting. It is not
possible to remove messages.
*/
version(V) :- var(V), !,
'$do_error'(instantiation_error,version(V)).
version(T) :- atom(T), !, '$assert_version'(T).
version(T) :-
'$do_error'(type_error(atom,T),version(T)).
'$assert_version'(T) :- recordz('$version',T,_), fail.
'$assert_version'(_).
'$set_toplevel_hook'(_) :-
recorded('$toplevel_hooks',_,R),
erase(R),
fail.
'$set_toplevel_hook'(H) :-
recorda('$toplevel_hooks',H,_),
fail.
'$set_toplevel_hook'(_).
/** @pred nb_getval(+ _Name_, - _Value_)
The nb_getval/2 predicate is a synonym for b_getval/2,
introduced for compatibility and symmetry. As most scenarios will use
a particular global variable either using non-backtrackable or
backtrackable assignment, using nb_getval/2 can be used to
document that the variable is used non-backtrackable.
*/
/** @pred nb_getval(+ _Name_,- _Value_)
The nb_getval/2 predicate is a synonym for b_getval/2, introduced for
compatibility and symmetry. As most scenarios will use a particular
global variable either using non-backtrackable or backtrackable
assignment, using nb_getval/2 can be used to document that the
variable is used non-backtrackable.
*/
nb_getval(GlobalVariable, Val) :-
'$nb_getval'(GlobalVariable, Val, Error),
(var(Error)
->
true
;
'$getval_exception'(GlobalVariable, Val, nb_getval(GlobalVariable, Val)) ->
nb_getval(GlobalVariable, Val)
;
'$do_error'(existence_error(variable, GlobalVariable),nb_getval(GlobalVariable, Val))
).
/** @pred b_getval(+ _Name_, - _Value_)
Get the value associated with the global variable _Name_ and unify
it with _Value_. Note that this unification may further
instantiate the value of the global variable. If this is undesirable
the normal precautions (double negation or copy_term/2) must be
taken. The b_getval/2 predicate generates errors if _Name_ is not
an atom or the requested variable does not exist.
Notice that for compatibility with other systems _Name_ <em>must</em> be already associated with a term: otherwise the system will generate an error.
*/
/** @pred b_getval(+ _Name_,- _Value_)
Get the value associated with the global variable _Name_ and unify
it with _Value_. Note that this unification may further instantiate
the value of the global variable. If this is undesirable the normal
precautions (double negation or copy_term/2) must be taken. The
b_getval/2 predicate generates errors if _Name_ is not an atom or
the requested variable does not exist.
*/
b_getval(GlobalVariable, Val) :-
'$nb_getval'(GlobalVariable, Val, Error),
(var(Error)
->
true
;
'$getval_exception'(GlobalVariable, Val, b_getval(GlobalVariable, Val)) ->
true
;
'$do_error'(existence_error(variable, GlobalVariable),b_getval(GlobalVariable, Val))
).
/* This is the break predicate,
it saves the importante data about current streams and
debugger state */
'$debug_state'(state(Trace, Debug, Jump, Run, SPY_GN, GList)) :-
'$init_debugger',
nb_getval('$trace',Trace),
nb_getval('$debug_jump',Jump),
nb_getval('$debug_run',Run),
'$swi_current_prolog_flag'(debug, Debug),
nb_getval('$spy_gn',SPY_GN),
b_getval('$spy_glist',GList).
'$debug_stop'( State ) :-
'$debug_state'( State ),
b_setval('$trace',off),
'$swi_set_prolog_flag'(debug, false),
b_setval('$spy_glist',[]),
'$disable_debugging'.
'$debug_restart'(state(Trace, Debug, Jump, Run, SPY_GN, GList)) :-
b_setval('$spy_glist',GList),
b_setval('$spy_gn',SPY_GN),
'$swi_set_prolog_flag'(debug, Debug),
b_setval('$debug_jump',Jump),
b_setval('$debug_run',Run),
b_setval('$trace',Trace),
'$enable_debugging'.
/** @pred break
Suspends the execution of the current goal and creates a new execution
level similar to the top level, displaying the following message:
~~~~~{.prolog}
[ Break (level <number>) ]
~~~~~
telling the depth of the break level just entered. To return to the
previous level just type the end-of-file character or call the
end_of_file predicate. This predicate is especially useful during
debugging.
*/
break :-
'$init_debugger',
nb_getval('$trace',Trace),
nb_setval('$trace',off),
nb_getval('$debug_jump',Jump),
nb_getval('$debug_run',Run),
'$swi_current_prolog_flag'(debug, Debug),
'$swi_set_prolog_flag'(debug, false),
'$break'( true ),
nb_getval('$spy_gn',SPY_GN),
b_getval('$spy_glist',GList),
b_setval('$spy_glist',[]),
current_output(OutStream), current_input(InpStream),
'$swi_current_prolog_flag'(break_level, NBL ),
format(user_error, '% Break (level ~w)~n', [NBL]),
'$do_live',
!,
set_value('$live','$true'),
b_setval('$spy_glist',GList),
nb_setval('$spy_gn',SPY_GN),
set_input(InpStream),
set_output(OutStream),
'$swi_set_prolog_flag'(debug, Debug),
nb_setval('$debug_jump',Jump),
nb_setval('$debug_run',Run),
nb_setval('$trace',Trace),
'$break'( false ).
at_halt(G) :-
recorda('$halt', G, _),
fail.
at_halt(_).
/** @pred halt is iso
Halts Prolog, and exits to the calling application. In YAP,
halt/0 returns the exit code `0`.
*/
halt :-
print_message(informational, halt),
fail.
halt :-
'$halt'(0).
/** @pred halt(+ _I_) is iso
Halts Prolog, and exits to the calling application returning the code
given by the integer _I_.
*/
halt(_) :-
recorded('$halt', G, _),
call(G),
fail.
halt(X) :-
'$sync_mmapped_arrays',
set_value('$live','$false'),
'$halt'(X).
prolog_current_frame(Env) :-
Env is '$env'.
'$run_atom_goal'(GA) :-
'$current_module'(Module),
atom_to_term(GA, G, _),
'$system_catch'('$query'(once(G), []),Module,Error,user:'$Error'(Error)).
'$add_dot_to_atom_goal'([],[0'.]) :- !. %'
'$add_dot_to_atom_goal'([0'.],[0'.]) :- !.
'$add_dot_to_atom_goal'([C|Gs0],[C|Gs]) :-
'$add_dot_to_atom_goal'(Gs0,Gs).
/**
@}
*/