gnu-social/lib/installer.php

<?php

/**
 * StatusNet - the distributed open-source microblogging tool
 * Copyright (C) 2009-2010, StatusNet, Inc.
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
 * @category Installation
 * @package  Installation
 *
 * @author   Adrian Lang <mail@adrianlang.de>
 * @author   Brenda Wallace <shiny@cpan.org>
 * @author   Brett Taylor <brett@webfroot.co.nz>
 * @author   Brion Vibber <brion@pobox.com>
 * @author   CiaranG <ciaran@ciarang.com>
 * @author   Craig Andrews <candrews@integralblue.com>
 * @author   Eric Helgeson <helfire@Erics-MBP.local>
 * @author   Evan Prodromou <evan@status.net>
 * @author   Mikael Nordfeldth <mmn@hethane.se>
 * @author   Robin Millette <millette@controlyourself.ca>
 * @author   Sarven Capadisli <csarven@status.net>
 * @author   Tom Adams <tom@holizz.com>
 * @author   Zach Copley <zach@status.net>
 * @copyright 2009-2010 StatusNet, Inc http://status.net
 * @copyright 2009-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc http://www.fsf.org
 * @license  GNU Affero General Public License http://www.gnu.org/licenses/
 * @version  1.0.x
 * @link     http://status.net
 */

abstract class Installer
{
    /** Web site info */
    public $sitename, $server, $path, $fancy, $siteProfile, $ssl;
    /** DB info */
    public $host, $database, $dbtype, $username, $password, $db;
    /** Administrator info */
    public $adminNick, $adminPass, $adminEmail;
    /** Should we skip writing the configuration file? */
    public $skipConfig = false;

    public static $dbModules = array(
        'mysql' => array(
            'name' => 'MariaDB (or MySQL 5.5+)',
            'check_module' => 'mysqli',
            'scheme' => 'mysqli', // DSN prefix for PEAR::DB
        ),
/*        'pgsql' => array(
            'name' => 'PostgreSQL',
            'check_module' => 'pgsql',
            'scheme' => 'pgsql', // DSN prefix for PEAR::DB
        ),*/
    );

    /**
     * Attempt to include a PHP file and report if it worked, while
     * suppressing the annoying warning messages on failure.
     */
    private function haveIncludeFile($filename) {
        $old = error_reporting(error_reporting() & ~E_WARNING);
        $ok = include_once($filename);
        error_reporting($old);
        return $ok;
    }

    /**
     * Check if all is ready for installation
     *
     * @return void
     */
    function checkPrereqs()
    {
        $pass = true;

        $config = INSTALLDIR.'/config.php';
        if (file_exists($config)) {
            if (!is_writable($config) || filesize($config) > 0) {
                if (filesize($config) == 0) {
                    $this->warning('Config file "config.php" already exists and is empty, but is not writable.');
                } else {
                    $this->warning('Config file "config.php" already exists.');
                }
                $pass = false;
            }
        }

        if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.5.0', '<')) {
            $this->warning('Require PHP version 5.5.0 or greater.');
            $pass = false;
        }

        $reqs = array('gd', 'curl', 'intl', 'json',
                      'xmlwriter', 'mbstring', 'xml', 'dom', 'simplexml');

        foreach ($reqs as $req) {
            if (!$this->checkExtension($req)) {
                $this->warning(sprintf('Cannot load required extension: <code>%s</code>', $req));
                $pass = false;
            }
        }

        // Make sure we have at least one database module available
        $missingExtensions = array();
        foreach (self::$dbModules as $type => $info) {
            if (!$this->checkExtension($info['check_module'])) {
                $missingExtensions[] = $info['check_module'];
            }
        }

        if (count($missingExtensions) == count(self::$dbModules)) {
            $req = implode(', ', $missingExtensions);
            $this->warning(sprintf('Cannot find a database extension. You need at least one of %s.', $req));
            $pass = false;
        }

        // @fixme this check seems to be insufficient with Windows ACLs
        if (!is_writable(INSTALLDIR)) {
            $this->warning(sprintf('Cannot write config file to: <code>%s</code></p>', INSTALLDIR),
                           sprintf('On your server, try this command: <code>chmod a+w %s</code>', INSTALLDIR));
            $pass = false;
        }

        // Check the subdirs used for file uploads
        $fileSubdirs = array('avatar', 'background', 'file');
        foreach ($fileSubdirs as $fileSubdir) {
            $fileFullPath = INSTALLDIR."/$fileSubdir/";
            if (!is_writable($fileFullPath)) {
                $this->warning(sprintf('Cannot write to %s directory: <code>%s</code>', $fileSubdir, $fileFullPath),
                               sprintf('On your server, try this command: <code>chmod a+w %s</code>', $fileFullPath));
                $pass = false;
            }
        }

        return $pass;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if a php extension is both installed and loaded
     *
     * @param string $name of extension to check
     *
     * @return boolean whether extension is installed and loaded
     */
    function checkExtension($name)
    {
        if (extension_loaded($name)) {
            return true;
        } elseif (function_exists('dl') && ini_get('enable_dl') && !ini_get('safe_mode')) {
            // dl will throw a fatal error if it's disabled or we're in safe mode.
            // More fun, it may not even exist under some SAPIs in 5.3.0 or later...
            $soname = $name . '.' . PHP_SHLIB_SUFFIX;
            if (PHP_SHLIB_SUFFIX == 'dll') {
                $soname = "php_" . $soname;
            }
            return @dl($soname);
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Basic validation on the database paramters
     * Side effects: error output if not valid
     *
     * @return boolean success
     */
    function validateDb()
    {
        $fail = false;

        if (empty($this->host)) {
            $this->updateStatus("No hostname specified.", true);
            $fail = true;
        }

        if (empty($this->database)) {
            $this->updateStatus("No database specified.", true);
            $fail = true;
        }

        if (empty($this->username)) {
            $this->updateStatus("No username specified.", true);
            $fail = true;
        }

        if (empty($this->sitename)) {
            $this->updateStatus("No sitename specified.", true);
            $fail = true;
        }

        return !$fail;
    }

    /**
     * Basic validation on the administrator user paramters
     * Side effects: error output if not valid
     *
     * @return boolean success
     */
    function validateAdmin()
    {
        $fail = false;

        if (empty($this->adminNick)) {
            $this->updateStatus("No initial user nickname specified.", true);
            $fail = true;
        }
        if ($this->adminNick && !preg_match('/^[0-9a-z]{1,64}$/', $this->adminNick)) {
            $this->updateStatus('The user nickname "' . htmlspecialchars($this->adminNick) .
                         '" is invalid; should be plain letters and numbers no longer than 64 characters.', true);
            $fail = true;
        }
        // @fixme hardcoded list; should use Nickname::isValid()
        // if/when it's safe to have loaded the infrastructure here
        $blacklist = array('main', 'panel', 'twitter', 'settings', 'rsd.xml', 'favorited', 'featured', 'favoritedrss', 'featuredrss', 'rss', 'getfile', 'api', 'groups', 'group', 'peopletag', 'tag', 'user', 'message', 'conversation', 'notice', 'attachment', 'search', 'index.php', 'doc', 'opensearch', 'robots.txt', 'xd_receiver.html', 'facebook', 'activity');
        if (in_array($this->adminNick, $blacklist)) {
            $this->updateStatus('The user nickname "' . htmlspecialchars($this->adminNick) .
                         '" is reserved.', true);
            $fail = true;
        }

        if (empty($this->adminPass)) {
            $this->updateStatus("No initial user password specified.", true);
            $fail = true;
        }

        return !$fail;
    }

    /**
     * Make sure a site profile was selected
     *
     * @return type boolean success
     */
    function validateSiteProfile()
    {
        if (empty($this->siteProfile))  {
            $this->updateStatus("No site profile selected.", true);
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Set up the database with the appropriate function for the selected type...
     * Saves database info into $this->db.
     *
     * @fixme escape things in the connection string in case we have a funny pass etc
     * @return mixed array of database connection params on success, false on failure
     */
    function setupDatabase()
    {
        if ($this->db) {
            throw new Exception("Bad order of operations: DB already set up.");
        }
        $this->updateStatus("Starting installation...");

        if (empty($this->password)) {
            $auth = '';
        } else {
            $auth = ":$this->password";
        }
        $scheme = self::$dbModules[$this->dbtype]['scheme'];
        $dsn = "{$scheme}://{$this->username}{$auth}@{$this->host}/{$this->database}";

        $this->updateStatus("Checking database...");
        $conn = $this->connectDatabase($dsn);

        // ensure database encoding is UTF8
        if ($this->dbtype == 'mysql') {
            // @fixme utf8m4 support for mysql 5.5?
            // Force the comms charset to utf8 for sanity
            // This doesn't currently work. :P
            //$conn->executes('set names utf8');
        } else if ($this->dbtype == 'pgsql') {
            $record = $conn->getRow('SHOW server_encoding');
            if ($record->server_encoding != 'UTF8') {
                $this->updateStatus("GNU social requires UTF8 character encoding. Your database is ". htmlentities($record->server_encoding));
                return false;
            }
        }

        if (!$conn instanceof DB_common) {
            // Is not the right instance
            throw new Exception('Cannot connect to database: ' . $conn->getMessage());
        }

        $res = $this->updateStatus("Creating database tables...");
        if (!$this->createCoreTables($conn)) {
            $this->updateStatus("Error creating tables.", true);
            return false;
        }

        foreach (array('sms_carrier' => 'SMS carrier',
                    'notice_source' => 'notice source',
                    'foreign_services' => 'foreign service')
              as $scr => $name) {
            $this->updateStatus(sprintf("Adding %s data to database...", $name));
            $res = $this->runDbScript($scr.'.sql', $conn);
            if ($res === false) {
                $this->updateStatus(sprintf("Can't run %s script.", $name), true);
                return false;
            }
        }

        $db = array('type' => $this->dbtype, 'database' => $dsn);
        return $db;
    }

    /**
     * Open a connection to the database.
     *
     * @param <type> $dsn
     * @return <type>
     */
    function connectDatabase($dsn)
    {
        global $_DB;
        return $_DB->connect($dsn);
    }

    /**
     * Create core tables on the given database connection.
     *
     * @param DB_common $conn
     */
    function createCoreTables(DB_common $conn)
    {
        $schema = Schema::get($conn);
        $tableDefs = $this->getCoreSchema();
        foreach ($tableDefs as $name => $def) {
            if (defined('DEBUG_INSTALLER')) {
                echo " $name ";
            }
            $schema->ensureTable($name, $def);
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Fetch the core table schema definitions.
     *
     * @return array of table names => table def arrays
     */
    function getCoreSchema()
    {
        $schema = array();
        include INSTALLDIR . '/db/core.php';
        return $schema;
    }

    /**
     * Return a parseable PHP literal for the given value.
     * This will include quotes for strings, etc.
     *
     * @param mixed $val
     * @return string
     */
    function phpVal($val)
    {
        return var_export($val, true);
    }

    /**
     * Return an array of parseable PHP literal for the given values.
     * These will include quotes for strings, etc.
     *
     * @param mixed $val
     * @return array
     */
    function phpVals($map)
    {
        return array_map(array($this, 'phpVal'), $map);
    }

    /**
     * Write a stock configuration file.
     *
     * @return boolean success
     *
     * @fixme escape variables in output in case we have funny chars, apostrophes etc
     */
    function writeConf()
    {
        $vals = $this->phpVals(array(
            'sitename' => $this->sitename,
            'server' => $this->server,
            'path' => $this->path,
            'ssl' => in_array($this->ssl, array('never', 'sometimes', 'always'))
                     ? $this->ssl
                     : 'never',
            'db_database' => $this->db['database'],
            'db_type' => $this->db['type']
        ));

        // assemble configuration file in a string
        $cfg =  "<?php\n".
                "if (!defined('GNUSOCIAL')) { exit(1); }\n\n".

                // site name
                "\$config['site']['name'] = {$vals['sitename']};\n\n".

                // site location
                "\$config['site']['server'] = {$vals['server']};\n".
                "\$config['site']['path'] = {$vals['path']}; \n\n".
                "\$config['site']['ssl'] = {$vals['ssl']}; \n\n".

                // checks if fancy URLs are enabled
                ($this->fancy ? "\$config['site']['fancy'] = true;\n\n":'').

                // database
                "\$config['db']['database'] = {$vals['db_database']};\n\n".
                ($this->db['type'] == 'pgsql' ? "\$config['db']['quote_identifiers'] = true;\n\n":'').
                "\$config['db']['type'] = {$vals['db_type']};\n\n".

                "// Uncomment below for better performance. Just remember you must run\n".
                "// php scripts/checkschema.php whenever your enabled plugins change!\n".
                "//\$config['db']['schemacheck'] = 'script';\n\n";

        // Normalize line endings for Windows servers
        $cfg = str_replace("\n", PHP_EOL, $cfg);

        // write configuration file out to install directory
        $res = file_put_contents(INSTALLDIR.'/config.php', $cfg);

        return $res;
    }

    /**
     * Write the site profile. We do this after creating the initial user
     * in case the site profile is set to single user. This gets around the
     * 'chicken-and-egg' problem of the system requiring a valid user for
     * single user mode, before the intial user is actually created. Yeah,
     * we should probably do this in smarter way.
     *
     * @return int res number of bytes written
     */
    function writeSiteProfile()
    {
        $vals = $this->phpVals(array(
            'site_profile' => $this->siteProfile,
            'nickname' => $this->adminNick
        ));

        $cfg =
        // site profile
        "\$config['site']['profile'] = {$vals['site_profile']};\n";

        if ($this->siteProfile == "singleuser") {
            $cfg .= "\$config['singleuser']['nickname'] = {$vals['nickname']};\n\n";
        } else {
            $cfg .= "\n";
        }

        // Normalize line endings for Windows servers
        $cfg = str_replace("\n", PHP_EOL, $cfg);

        // write configuration file out to install directory
        $res = file_put_contents(INSTALLDIR.'/config.php', $cfg, FILE_APPEND);

        return $res;
    }

    /**
     * Install schema into the database
     *
     * @param string    $filename location of database schema file
     * @param DB_common $conn     connection to database
     *
     * @return boolean - indicating success or failure
     */
    function runDbScript($filename, DB_common $conn)
    {
        $sql = trim(file_get_contents(INSTALLDIR . '/db/' . $filename));
        $stmts = explode(';', $sql);
        foreach ($stmts as $stmt) {
            $stmt = trim($stmt);
            if (!mb_strlen($stmt)) {
                continue;
            }
            try {
                $res = $conn->simpleQuery($stmt);
            } catch (Exception $e) {
                $error = $e->getMessage();
                $this->updateStatus("ERROR ($error) for SQL '$stmt'");
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Create the initial admin user account.
     * Side effect: may load portions of GNU social framework.
     * Side effect: outputs program info
     */
    function registerInitialUser()
    {
        require_once INSTALLDIR . '/lib/common.php';

        $data = array('nickname' => $this->adminNick,
                      'password' => $this->adminPass,
                      'fullname' => $this->adminNick);
        if ($this->adminEmail) {
            $data['email'] = $this->adminEmail;
        }
        try {
            $user = User::register($data);
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            return false;
        }

        // give initial user carte blanche

        $user->grantRole('owner');
        $user->grantRole('moderator');
        $user->grantRole('administrator');

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * The beef of the installer!
     * Create database, config file, and admin user.
     *
     * Prerequisites: validation of input data.
     *
     * @return boolean success
     */
    function doInstall()
    {
        global $config;

        $this->updateStatus("Initializing...");
        ini_set('display_errors', 1);
        error_reporting(E_ALL & ~E_STRICT & ~E_NOTICE);
        if (!defined('GNUSOCIAL')) {
            define('GNUSOCIAL', true);
        }
        if (!defined('STATUSNET')) {
            define('STATUSNET', true);
        }

        require_once INSTALLDIR . '/lib/framework.php';
        GNUsocial::initDefaults($this->server, $this->path);

        if ($this->siteProfile == "singleuser") {
            // Until we use ['site']['profile']==='singleuser' everywhere
            $config['singleuser']['enabled'] = true;
        }

        try {
            $this->db = $this->setupDatabase();
            if (!$this->db) {
                // database connection failed, do not move on to create config file.
                return false;
            }
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            // Lower-level DB error!
            $this->updateStatus("Database error: " . $e->getMessage(), true);
            return false;
        }

        // Make sure we can write to the file twice
        $oldUmask = umask(000); 

        if (!$this->skipConfig) {
            $this->updateStatus("Writing config file...");
            $res = $this->writeConf();

            if (!$res) {
                $this->updateStatus("Can't write config file.", true);
                return false;
            }
        }

        if (!empty($this->adminNick)) {
            // Okay, cross fingers and try to register an initial user
            if ($this->registerInitialUser()) {
                $this->updateStatus(
                    "An initial user with the administrator role has been created."
                );
            } else {
                $this->updateStatus(
                    "Could not create initial user account.",
                    true
                );
                return false;
            }
        }

        if (!$this->skipConfig) {
            $this->updateStatus("Setting site profile...");
            $res = $this->writeSiteProfile();

            if (!$res) {
                $this->updateStatus("Can't write to config file.", true);
                return false;
            }
        }

        // Restore original umask
        umask($oldUmask);
        // Set permissions back to something decent
        chmod(INSTALLDIR.'/config.php', 0644);
        
        $scheme = $this->ssl === 'always' ? 'https' : 'http';
        $link = "{$scheme}://{$this->server}/{$this->path}";

        $this->updateStatus("GNU social has been installed at $link");
        $this->updateStatus(
            '<strong>DONE!</strong> You can visit your <a href="'.htmlspecialchars($link).'">new GNU social site</a> (log in as "'.htmlspecialchars($this->adminNick).'"). If this is your first GNU social install, make your experience the best possible by visiting our resource site to join the <a href="https://gnu.io/social/resources/">mailing list or IRC</a>. <a href="'.htmlspecialchars($link).'/doc/faq">FAQ is found here</a>.'
        );

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Output a pre-install-time warning message
     * @param string $message HTML ok, but should be plaintext-able
     * @param string $submessage HTML ok, but should be plaintext-able
     */
    abstract function warning($message, $submessage='');

    /**
     * Output an install-time progress message
     * @param string $message HTML ok, but should be plaintext-able
     * @param boolean $error true if this should be marked as an error condition
     */
    abstract function updateStatus($status, $error=false);

}