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[DOCUMENTATION] Import installation instructions for installing without docker from V2
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INSTALL.md
493
INSTALL.md
@ -1,16 +1,48 @@
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## GNU social
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GNU social
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=====
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GNU social is a federated social network.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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=================
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* Installation with docker
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+ Prerequisites
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+ With TLS/SSL
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+ Without TLS/SSL
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+ Configuration
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+ Installing/running
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* Installation without docker
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+ Prerequisites
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- PHP modules
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- Better performance
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+ Installation
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- Getting it up and running
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- Fancy URLs
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- Themes
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- Private
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+ Extra features
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- Sphinx
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- SMS
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- Translation
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- Queues and daemons
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+ After installation
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- Backups
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- Upgrading
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+ Additional configuration
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Installation with docker
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================
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Installation can be done in multiple ways, but the simplest is using
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`docker` and `docker-compose`. The compose file currently includes all
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the necessary services for running the app. Running the database and
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webserver outside of `docker` containers is currently not supported,
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unless the app is installed without `docker`.
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## With docker
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### Requirements
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Prerequisites
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-----
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In order to host your GNU social instance, you'll need a domain, a
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server with a constant IP and `docker` and `docker-compose` installed
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@ -23,7 +55,8 @@ Then clone https://notabug.org/someonewithpc/gnudip.git, inspect and
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run the `./install.sh` script. This allows you to have a domain that
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dynamically points to your IP address.
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### TLS/SSL
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With TLS/SSL
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----
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Next, if you want to setup SSL (which you should in most cases,
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exceptions being wanting to use the Thor network), you'll need a
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@ -48,19 +81,22 @@ manager, delete the `A` record you created in the previous step and
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create a `CNAME` record pointing from the domain you want to use the
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domain you registered with the GnuDIP host.
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### No TLS/SSL
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Without TLS/SSL
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----
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Edit the `docker-compose.yaml` file and comment the `certbot` service
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to disable it. In the future, this will be handled by the
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`bin/configure` script.
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### Configuration
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Configuration
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----
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Run the `bin/configure` script and enter the information as asked.
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This will generate all the required `.env` files used by
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`docker-compose` to configure the application.
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### Installation/Running
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Installation/Running
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-----
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Simply run `docker-compose up` from the root of the project (the
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folder where the `.git` folder is). In this form, the application can
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@ -70,6 +106,443 @@ you all logs, but in most cases, you won't want to see those all the
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time. For that, run `docker-compose up -d` from the same directory;
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The application can then be stopped with `docker-compose down`.
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## Without docker
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Coming soon (TM)
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Installation without docker
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================
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Prerequisites
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-----------
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### PHP modules
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The following software packages are *required* for this software to
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run correctly.
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- PHP 7.3+
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- MariaDB 10.3+
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- Web server Apache, lighttpd and nginx will all work. CGI mode is
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recommended and also some variant of 'suexec' (or a
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proper setup php-fpm pool)
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NOTE: mod_rewrite or its equivalent is extremely useful.
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Your PHP installation must include the following PHP extensions for a
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functional setup of GNU social:
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- openssl (compiled in for Debian, enabled manually in Arch Linux)
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- php-curl Fetching files by HTTP.
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- php-exif Exchangeable image information.
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- php-gd Image manipulation (scaling).
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- php-intl Internationalization support (transliteration et al).
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- php-json For WebFinger lookups and more.
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- php-mbstring String manipulation
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- php-mysql The native driver for MariaDB connections.
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- php-gmp For Salmon signatures (part of OStatus)
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- php-bcmath Arbitrary Precision Mathematics
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- php-opcache Improved PHP performance by precompilation
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- php-readline For interactive scripts
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- php-xml XML parser
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NOTE: Some distros require manual enabling in the relevant php.ini for some modules.
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### Better performance
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For some functionality, you will also need the following extensions:
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- opcache Improves performance a _lot_. Included in PHP, must be
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enabled manually in php.ini for most distributions. Find
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and set at least: opcache.enable=1
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- mailparse Efficient parsing of email requires this extension.
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Submission by email or SMS-over-email uses this.
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- sphinx A client for the sphinx server, an alternative to MySQL
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or Postgresql fulltext search. You will also need a
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Sphinx server to serve the search queries.
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- gettext For multiple languages. Default on many PHP installs;
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will be emulated if not present.
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- exif For thumbnails to be properly oriented.
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You may also experience better performance from your site if you configure
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a PHP cache/accelerator. Most distributions come with "opcache" support.
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Enable it in your php.ini where it is documented together with its settings.
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Installation
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--------------
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### Getting it up and running
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Installing the basic GNU Social web component is relatively easy,
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especially if you've previously installed PHP/MariaDB packages.
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1. Unpack the tarball you downloaded on your Web server. Usually a
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command like this will work:
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tar zxf gnusocial-*.tar.gz
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...which will make a gnusocial-x.y.z subdirectory in your current
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directory. (If you don't have shell access on your Web server, you
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may have to unpack the tarball on your local computer and FTP the
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files to the server.)
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2. Move the tarball to a directory of your choosing in your Web root
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directory. Usually something like this will work:
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mv gnusocial-x.y.z /var/www/gnusocial
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This will often make your GNU Social instance available in the gnusocial
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path of your server, like "http://example.net/gnusocial". "social" or
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"blog" might also be good path names. If you know how to configure
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virtual hosts on your web server, you can try setting up
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"http://social.example.net/" or the like.
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If you have "rewrite" support on your webserver, and you should,
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then please enable this in order to make full use of your site. This
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will enable "Fancy URL" support, which you can read more about if you
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scroll down a bit in this document.
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3. Make your target directory writeable by the Web server, please note
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however that 'a+w' will give _all_ users write access and securing the
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webserver is not within the scope of this document.
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chmod a+w /var/www/gnusocial/
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On some systems, this will work as a more secure alternative:
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chgrp www-data /var/www/gnusocial/
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chmod g+w /var/www/gnusocial/
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If your Web server runs as another user besides "www-data", try
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that user's default group instead. As a last resort, you can create
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a new group like "gnusocial" and add the Web server's user to the group.
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4. Create a database to hold your site data. Something like this
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should work (you will be prompted for your database password):
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mysqladmin -u "root" -p create social
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Note that GNU Social should have its own database; you should not share
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the database with another program. You can name it whatever you want,
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though.
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(If you don't have shell access to your server, you may need to use
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a tool like phpMyAdmin to create a database. Check your hosting
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service's documentation for how to create a new MariaDB database.)
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5. Create a new database account that GNU Social will use to access the
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database. If you have shell access, this will probably work from the
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MariaDB shell:
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GRANT ALL on social.*
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TO 'social'@'localhost'
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IDENTIFIED BY 'agoodpassword';
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You should change the user identifier 'social' and 'agoodpassword'
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to your preferred new database username and password. You may want to
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test logging in to MariaDB as this new user.
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6. In a browser, navigate to the GNU Social install script; something like:
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https://social.example.net/install.php
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Enter the database connection information and your site name. The
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install program will configure your site and install the initial,
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almost-empty database.
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7. You should now be able to navigate to your social site's main directory
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and see the "Public Timeline", which will probably be empty. You can
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now register new user, post some notices, edit your profile, etc.
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### Fancy URLs
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By default, GNU Social will use URLs that include the main PHP program's
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name in them. For example, a user's home profile might be found at either
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of these URLS depending on the webserver's configuration and capabilities:
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https://social.example.net/index.php/fred
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https://social.example.net/index.php?p=fred
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It's possible to configure the software to use fancy URLs so it looks like
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this instead:
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https://social.example.net/fred
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These "fancy URLs" are more readable and memorable for users. To use
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fancy URLs, you must either have Apache 2.x with .htaccess enabled and
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mod_rewrite enabled, -OR- know how to configure "url redirection" in
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your server (like lighttpd or nginx).
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1. See the instructions for each respective webserver software:
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* For Apache, inspect the "htaccess.sample" file and save it as
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".htaccess" after making any necessary modifications. Our sample
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file is well commented.
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* For lighttpd, inspect the lighttpd.conf.example file and apply the
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appropriate changes in your virtualhost configuration for lighttpd.
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* For nginx, inspect the nginx.conf.sample file and apply the appropriate
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changes.
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* For other webservers, we gladly accept contributions of
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server configuration examples.
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2. Assuming your webserver is properly configured and have its settings
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applied (remember to reload/restart it), you can add this to your
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GNU social's config.php file:
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$config['site']['fancy'] = true;
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You should now be able to navigate to a "fancy" URL on your server,
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like:
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https://social.example.net/main/register
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### Themes
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As of right now, your ability change the theme is limited to CSS
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stylesheets and some image files; you can't change the HTML output,
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like adding or removing menu items, without the help of a plugin.
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You can choose a theme using the $config['site']['theme'] element in
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the config.php file. See below for details.
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You can add your own theme by making a sub-directory of the 'theme'
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subdirectory with the name of your theme. Each theme can have the
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following files:
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display.css: a CSS2 file for "default" styling for all browsers.
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logo.png: a logo image for the site.
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default-avatar-profile.png: a 96x96 pixel image to use as the avatar for
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users who don't upload their own.
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default-avatar-stream.png: Ditto, but 48x48. For streams of notices.
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default-avatar-mini.png: Ditto ditto, but 24x24. For subscriptions
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listing on profile pages.
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You may want to start by copying the files from the default theme to
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your own directory.
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### Private
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A GNU social node can be configured as "private", which means it will not
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federate with other nodes in the network. It is not a recommended method
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of using GNU social and we cannot at the current state of development
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guarantee that there are no leaks (what a public network sees as features,
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private sites will likely see as bugs).
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Private nodes are however an easy way to easily setup collaboration and
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image sharing within a workgroup or a smaller community where federation
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is not a desired feature. Also, it is possible to change this setting and
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instantly gain full federation features.
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Access to file attachments can also be restricted to logged-in users only:
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1. Add a directory outside the web root where your file uploads will be
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stored. Use this command as an initial guideline to create it:
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mkdir /var/www/gnusocial-files
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2. Make the file uploads directory writeable by the web server. An
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insecure way to do this is (to do it properly, read up on UNIX file
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permissions and configure your webserver accordingly):
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chmod a+x /var/www/gnusocial-files
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3. Tell GNU social to use this directory for file uploads. Add a line
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like this to your config.php:
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$config['attachments']['dir'] = '/var/www/gnusocial-files';
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Extra features
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---------
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### Sphinx
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To use a Sphinx server to search users and notices, you'll need to
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enable the SphinxSearch plugin. Add to your config.php:
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addPlugin('SphinxSearch');
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$config['sphinx']['server'] = 'searchhost.local';
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You also need to install, compile and enable the sphinx pecl extension for
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php on the client side, which itself depends on the sphinx development files.
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See plugins/SphinxSearch/README for more details and server setup.
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### SMS
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StatusNet supports a cheap-and-dirty system for sending update messages
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to mobile phones and for receiving updates from the mobile. Instead of
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sending through the SMS network itself, which is costly and requires
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buy-in from the wireless carriers, it simply piggybacks on the email
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gateways that many carriers provide to their customers. So, SMS
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configuration is essentially email configuration.
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Each user sends to a made-up email address, which they keep a secret.
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Incoming email that is "From" the user's SMS email address, and "To"
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the users' secret email address on the site's domain, will be
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converted to a notice and stored in the DB.
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For this to work, there *must* be a domain or sub-domain for which all
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(or most) incoming email can pass through the incoming mail filter.
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1. Run the SQL script carrier.sql in your StatusNet database. This will
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usually work:
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mysql -u "statusnetuser" --password="statusnetpassword" statusnet < db/carrier.sql
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This will populate your database with a list of wireless carriers
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that support email SMS gateways.
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2. Make sure the maildaemon.php file is executable:
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chmod +x scripts/maildaemon.php
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Note that "daemon" is kind of a misnomer here; the script is more
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of a filter than a daemon.
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2. Edit /etc/aliases on your mail server and add the following line:
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*: /path/to/statusnet/scripts/maildaemon.php
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3. Run whatever code you need to to update your aliases database. For
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many mail servers (Postfix, Exim, Sendmail), this should work:
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newaliases
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You may need to restart your mail server for the new database to
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take effect.
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4. Set the following in your config.php file:
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$config['mail']['domain'] = 'yourdomain.example.net';
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### Translations
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For info on helping with translations, see the platform currently in use
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for translations: https://www.transifex.com/projects/p/gnu-social/
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Translations use the gettext system <http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/>.
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If you for some reason do not wish to sign up to the Transifex service,
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you can review the files in the "locale/" sub-directory of GNU social.
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Each plugin also has its own translation files.
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To get your own site to use all the translated languages, and you are
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tracking the git repo, you will need to install at least 'gettext' on
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your system and then run:
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$ make translations
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### Queues and daemons
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Some activities that StatusNet needs to do, like broadcast OStatus, SMS,
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XMPP messages and TwitterBridge operations, can be 'queued' and done by
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off-line bots instead.
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Two mechanisms are available to achieve offline operations:
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* New embedded OpportunisticQM plugin, which is enabled by default
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* Legacy queuedaemon script, which can be enabled via config file.
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#### OpportunisticQM plugin
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This plugin is enabled by default. It tries its best to do background
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jobs during regular HTTP requests, like API or HTML pages calls.
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Since queueing system is enabled by default, notices to be broadcasted
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will be stored, by default, into DB (table queue_item).
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Whenever it has time, OpportunisticQM will try to handle some of them.
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This is a good solution whether you:
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* have no access to command line (shared hosting)
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* do not want to deal with long-running PHP processes
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* run a low traffic GNU social instance
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In other case, you really should consider enabling the queuedaemon for
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performance reasons. Background daemons are necessary anyway if you wish
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to use the Instant Messaging features such as communicating via XMPP.
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#### queuedaemon
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If you want to use legacy queuedaemon, you must be able to run
|
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long-running offline processes, either on your main Web server or on
|
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another server you control. (Your other server will still need all the
|
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above prerequisites, with the exception of Apache.) Installing on a
|
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separate server is probably a good idea for high-volume sites.
|
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|
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1. You'll need the "CLI" (command-line interface) version of PHP
|
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installed on whatever server you use.
|
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|
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Modern PHP versions in some operating systems have disabled functions
|
||||
related to forking, which is required for daemons to operate. To make
|
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this work, make sure that your php-cli config (/etc/php5/cli/php.ini)
|
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does NOT have these functions listed under 'disable_functions':
|
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|
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* pcntl_fork, pcntl_wait, pcntl_wifexited, pcntl_wexitstatus,
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pcntl_wifsignaled, pcntl_wtermsig
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|
||||
Other recommended settings for optimal performance are:
|
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* mysqli.allow_persistent = On
|
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* mysqli.reconnect = On
|
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|
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2. If you're using a separate server for queues, install StatusNet
|
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somewhere on the server. You don't need to worry about the
|
||||
.htaccess file, but make sure that your config.php file is close
|
||||
to, or identical to, your Web server's version.
|
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|
||||
3. In your config.php files (on the server where you run the queue
|
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daemon), set the following variable:
|
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|
||||
$config['queue']['daemon'] = true;
|
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|
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You may also want to look at the 'Queues and Daemons' section in
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||||
this file for more background processing options.
|
||||
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4. On the queues server, run the command scripts/startdaemons.sh.
|
||||
|
||||
This will run the queue handlers:
|
||||
|
||||
* queuedaemon.php - polls for queued items for inbox processing and
|
||||
pushing out to OStatus, SMS, XMPP, etc.
|
||||
* imdaemon.php - if an IM plugin is enabled (like XMPP)
|
||||
* other daemons, like TwitterBridge ones, that you may have enabled
|
||||
|
||||
These daemons will automatically restart in most cases of failure
|
||||
including memory leaks (if a memory_limit is set), but may still die
|
||||
or behave oddly if they lose connections to the XMPP or queue servers.
|
||||
|
||||
It may be a good idea to use a daemon-monitoring service, like 'monit',
|
||||
to check their status and keep them running.
|
||||
|
||||
All the daemons write their process IDs (pids) to /var/run/ by
|
||||
default. This can be useful for starting, stopping, and monitoring the
|
||||
daemons. If you are running multiple sites on the same machine, it will
|
||||
be necessary to avoid collisions of these PID files by setting a site-
|
||||
specific directory in config.php:
|
||||
|
||||
$config['daemon']['piddir'] = __DIR__ . '/../run/';
|
||||
|
||||
It is also possible to use a STOMP server instead of our kind of hacky
|
||||
home-grown DB-based queue solution. This is strongly recommended for
|
||||
best response time, especially when using XMPP.
|
||||
|
||||
After installation
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
### Backups
|
||||
|
||||
There is no built-in system for doing backups in GNU social. You can make
|
||||
backups of a working StatusNet system by backing up the database and
|
||||
the Web directory. To backup the database use mysqldump <https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb/mysqldump/>
|
||||
and to backup the Web directory, try tar.
|
||||
|
||||
### Upgrading
|
||||
|
||||
Upgrading is strongly recommended to stay up to date with security fixes
|
||||
and new features. For instructions on how to upgrade GNU social code,
|
||||
please see the UPGRADE file.
|
||||
|
||||
### Additional configuration
|
||||
|
||||
Please refer to DOCUMENTATION/SYSTEM_ADMINISTRATORS/CONFIGURE for information.
|
||||
----
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user