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polynomialmani.pl/polimani.pl
2018-11-22 12:52:37 +00:00

413 lines
9.0 KiB
Prolog

%% -*- mode: prolog-*-
%% vim: set softtabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 tabstop=4 expandtab:
%% Follows 'Coding guidelines for Prolog' - Theory and Practice of Logic Programming
%% https://doi.org/10.1017/S1471068411000391
%% Import the Constraint Logic Programming over Finite Domains lybrary
%% Essentially, this library improves the way Prolog deals with integers,
%% allowing more predicates to be reversible.
%% For instance, number(N) is always false, which prevents the
%% reversing of a predicate.
:- use_module(library(clpfd)).
%% polynomial_variable_list(-List) is det
%
% List of possible polynomial variables
%
polynomial_variable_list([x, y, z]).
%% polynomial_variable(?X:atom) is det
%
% Returns true if X is a polynomial variable, false otherwise.
%
polynomial_variable(X) :-
polynomial_variable_list(V),
member(X, V).
%% Tests:
%% ?- polynomial_variable(x).
%@ true .
%% ?- polynomial_variable(a).
%@ false.
%% power(+X:atom) is semidet
%
% Returns true if X is a power term, false otherwise.
%
power(P^N) :-
(
zcompare((<), 0, N),
polynomial_variable(P)
;
fail
).
power(X) :-
polynomial_variable(X).
%% Tests:
%% ?- power(x).
%@ true .
%% ?- power(x^1).
%@ true .
%% ?- power(x^3).
%@ true .
%% ?- power(x^(-3)).
%@ error.
%% ?- power(X).
%@ X = x ;
%@ X = y ;
%@ X = z.
%% term(+N:atom) is det
%
% Returns true if N is a term, false otherwise.
%
term(N) :-
number(N).
term(X) :-
power(X).
term(L * R) :-
term(L),
term(R).
%% Tests:
%% ?- term(2*x^3).
%@ true .
%% ?- term(x^(-3)).
%@ false.
%% ?- term((-3)*x^2).
%@ true .
%% is_term_valid_in_predicate(+T, +F) is det
%
% Returns true if valid Term, fails with UI message otherwise.
% The fail message reports which Term is invalid and in which
% predicate the problem ocurred.
%
is_term_valid_in_predicate(T, F) :-
(
term(T)
;
write("Invalid term in "),
write(F),
write(": "),
write(T),
fail
).
%% Tests:
%% ?- is_term_valid_in_predicate(1, "Chuck Norris").
%@ true .
%% polynomial(+M:atom) is det
%
% Returns true if polynomial, false otherwise.
%
polynomial(M) :-
term(M).
polynomial(L + R) :-
polynomial(L),
term(R).
%% Tests:
%% ?- polynomial(x).
%@ true .
%% ?- polynomial(x^3).
%@ true .
%% ?- polynomial(3*x^7).
%@ true .
%% ?- polynomial(2 + 3*x + 4*x*y^3).
%@ true .
%% power_to_canon(+T:atom, -T^N:atom) is det
%
% Returns a canon power term.
%
power_to_canon(T^N, T^N) :-
polynomial_variable(T),
%% N \= 1.
(
zcompare(=, 1, N)
;
true
).
power_to_canon(T, T^1) :-
polynomial_variable(T).
%% Tests:
%% ?- power_to_canon(x, X).
%@ X = x^1 .
%% ?- power_to_canon(X, x^1).
%@ X = x .
%@ X = x .
%% ?- power_to_canon(X, x^4).
%@ X = x^4 .
%% term_to_list(?T, ?List) is det
%
% Converts a term to a list and vice versa.
% Can verify if term and list are compatible.
%
term_to_list(L * N, [N | TS]) :-
number(N),
term_to_list(L, TS).
term_to_list(L * P, [P2 | TS]) :-
power(P),
power_to_canon(P, P2),
term_to_list(L, TS).
term_to_list(N, [N]) :-
number(N).
term_to_list(P, [P2]) :-
power(P),
power_to_canon(P, P2).
%% Tests:
%% ?- term_to_list(1*2*y*z*23*x*y*x^3*x, X).
%@ X = [x^1, x^3, y^1, x^1, 23, z^1, y^1, 2, 1] .
%% ?- term_to_list(X, [y^1, x^1]).
%@ X = x*y .
%% ?- term_to_list(X, [x^4]).
%@ false.
%@ false.
%@ X = x^4 .
%% ?- term_to_list(X, [y^6, z^2, x^4]).
%@ X = x^4*z^2*y^6 .
%% simplify_term(+Term_In:term, ?Term_Out:term) is det
%
% Simplifies a term.
%
simplify_term(Term_In, Term_Out) :-
term_to_list(Term_In, L),
sort(0, @=<, L, L2),
(
member(0, L2),
Term_Out = 0
;
exclude(==(1), L2, L3),
join_like_terms(L3, L4),
sort(0, @>=, L4, L5),
term_to_list(Term_Out, L5)
),
% First result is always the most simplified form.
!.
%% Tests:
%% ?- simplify_term(2*y*z*x^3*x, X).
%@ X = 2*x^4*y*z.
%% ?- simplify_term(1*y*z*x^3*x, X).
%@ X = x^4*y*z.
%% ?- simplify_term(0*y*z*x^3*x, X).
%@ X = 0.
%% ?- simplify_term(6*y*z*7*x*y*x^3*x, X).
%@ X = 42*x^2*x^3*y^2*z.
%% join_like_terms(+List, -List)
%
% Combine powers of the same variable in the given list
%
join_like_terms([P1, P2 | L], [B^N | L2]) :-
power(P1),
power(P2),
B^N1 = P1,
B^N2 = P2,
%% B1 == B2, % Wasn't working before..?
N is N1 + N2,
join_like_terms(L, L2).
join_like_terms([N1, N2 | L], [N | L2]) :-
number(N1),
number(N2),
N is N1 * N2,
join_like_terms(L, L2).
join_like_terms([X | L], [X | L2]) :-
join_like_terms(L, L2).
join_like_terms([], []).
%% Tests:
%% ?- join_like_terms([2, 3, x^1, x^2], T).
%@ T = [6, x^3].
%@ T = [6, x^3].
%% ?- join_like_terms([2, 3, x^1, x^2, y^1, y^6], T).
%@ T = [6, x^3, y^7].
%@ T = [6, x^3, y^7].
%% simplify_polynomial(+P:atom, -P2:atom) is det
%
% Simplifies a polynomial.
% TODO: not everything is a +, there are -
%
simplify_polynomial(M, M2) :-
%% Are we dealing with a valid term?
%is_term_valid_in_predicate(M, "simplify_polynomial(M, M2)"),
term(M),
%% If so, simplify it.
simplify_term(M, M2),
!.
simplify_polynomial(P + 0, P) :-
%% Ensure valid term
%is_term_valid_in_predicate(P, "simplify_polynomial(P + 0, P)"),
term(P),
!.
simplify_polynomial(0 + P, P) :-
%% Ensure valid term
%is_term_valid_in_predicate(P, "simplify_polynomial(0 + P, P)"),
term(P),
!.
simplify_polynomial(P + M, P2 + M2) :-
simplify_polynomial(P, P2),
simplify_term(M, M2).
simplify_polynomial(P + M, P2 + M3) :-
monomial_parts(M, _, XExp),
delete_monomial(P, XExp, M2, P2),
!,
add_monomial(M, M2, M3).
simplify_polynomial(P + M, P2 + M2) :-
simplify_polynomial(P, P2),
simplify_term(M, M2).
%% Tests:
%% ?- simplify_polynomial(1, 1).
%@ Invalid term in simplify_polynomial(M, M2): 1
%@ false.
%% simplify_polynomial_list(+L1,-L3) is det
%
% Simplifies a list of polynomials
%
simplify_polynomial_list([L1], L3) :-
simplify_polynomial(L1, L2),
L3 = [L2].
simplify_polynomial_list([L1|L2],L3) :-
simplify_polynomial(L1, P1),
simplify_polynomial_list(L2, P2),
L3 = [P1|P2],
% There is nothing further to compute at this point
!.
%% polynomial_to_list(+P:polynomial, -L:List)
%
% Converts a polynomial in a list.
% TODO: not everything is a +, there are -
%
polynomial_to_list(T1 + T2, L) :-
polynomial_to_list(T1, L1),
L = [T2|L1],
% The others computations are semantically meaningless
!.
polynomial_to_list(P, L) :-
L = [P].
%% Tests:
%%?- polynomial_to_list(2*x^2+5+y*2, S).
%@S = [y*2, 5, 2*x^2].
%% list_to_polynomial(+P:polynomial, -L:List)
%
% Converts a list in a polynomial.
% TODO: not everything is a +, there are -
%
list_to_polynomial([T1|T2], P) :-
list_to_polynomial(T2, L1),
(
not(L1 = []),
P = L1+T1
;
P = T1
),
% The others computations are semantically meaningless
!.
list_to_polynomial(T, P) :-
P = T.
%% Tests:
%% TODO
%% append_two_atoms_with_star(+V1, +V2, -R) is det
%
% Returns R = V1 * V2
%
append_two_atoms_with_star(V1, V2, R) :-
% Convert term V2 into a string V3
term_string(V2, V3),
% Concat atom V1 with * into a compound V4
atom_concat(V1, *, V4),
% Concat atom V4 with V3 into a compound S
atom_concat(V4, V3, S),
% Convert compound S into a term R
term_string(R, S).
%% Tests:
% ?- append_two_atoms_with_star(2, x^2, R).
%@ R = 2*x^2.
%@ R = 2*x^2.
%@ R = 2*3.
%% scale_polynomial(+P:polynomial,+C:constant,-S:polynomial) is det
%
% Scales a polynomial with a constant
%
scale_polynomial(P, C, S) :-
polynomial_to_list(P, L),
maplist(append_two_atoms_with_star(C), L, L2),
list_to_polynomial(L2, S).
%simplify_polynomial(S1, S).
%% Tests:
%% ?- scale_polynomial(3*x^2, 2, S).
%@ S = 2*3*x^2.
%@ S = 2*(3*x^2).
%% monomial_parts(X, Y, Z)
%
% TODO Maybe remove
% Separate monomial into it's parts. Given K*X^N, gives K and N
%
monomial_parts(X, 1, X) :-
power(X),
!.
monomial_parts(X^N, 1, X^N) :-
power(X^N),
!.
monomial_parts(K * M, K, M) :-
number(K),
!.
monomial_parts(K, K, indep) :-
number(K),
!.
delete_monomial(M, X, M, 0) :-
term(M),
monomial_parts(M, _, X),
!.
delete_monomial(M + M2, X, M, M2) :-
term(M2),
term(M),
monomial_parts(M, _, X),
!.
delete_monomial(P + M, X, M, P) :-
term(M),
monomial_parts(M, _, X),
!.
delete_monomial(P + M2, X, M, P2 + M2) :-
delete_monomial(P, X, M, P2).
add_monomial(K1, K2, K3) :-
number(K1),
number(K2), !,
K3 is K1 + K2.
add_monomial(M1, M2, M3) :-
monomial_parts(M1, K1, XExp),
monomial_parts(M2, K2, XExp),
K3 is K1 + K2,
p_aux_add_monomial(K3, XExp, M3).
p_aux_add_monomial(K, indep, K) :-
!.
p_aux_add_monomial(0, _, 0) :-
!.
p_aux_add_monomial(1, XExp, XExp) :-
!.
p_aux_add_monomial(K, XExp, K * XExp).
closure_simplify_polynomial(P, P) :-
simplify_polynomial(P, P2),
P==P2,
!.
closure_simplify_polynomial(P, P3) :-
simplify_polynomial(P, P2),
closure_simplify_polynomial(P2, P3),
!.
list_to_term([N | NS], N * L) :-
number(N),
term_to_list(L, NS).